الكاتب: Multiple References

Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are not approved for use in goats by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, clinical conditions exist for which the use of a NSAID as an adjunct therapy may be indicated and beneficial. This may include conditions such as coliform mastitis, arthritis, laminitis, endotoxaemia, and other inflammatory disorders (Anderson et al., 1991; Smith & Sherman, 1994). Ketoprofen, a propionic acid derivative, is a NSAID which is currently approved for alleviation of inflammation and pain in the horse. Ketoprofen has been reported to be a cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitor (Kantor, 1986); however, it may not possess 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory action in calves (Landoni et al., 1995a) or horses (Landoni & Lees, 1995). Ketoprofen and other NSAIDs have been reported to inhibit bradykinin-induced oedema in calves (Landoni et al., 1995b). Ketoprofen was less toxic to the kidney and gastrointestinal tract in horses than either phenylbutazone or flunixin meglumine (MacAllister et al., 1993). Ketoprofen has been reported to reduce faecal output in calves with E. coli enterotoxaemia-induced diarrhea (Roussel et al., 1993). Cattle with clinical mastitis had significantly improved recovery when ketoprofen was used as adjunctive therapy (Shpigel et al., 1994). Pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen have been reported following a single injection in calves (Landoni et al., 1995a), lactating dairy cattle (DeGraves et al., 1996), humans (Debruyne et al., 1987; Jamali & Brocks, 1990), horses (Owens et al., 1995), dogs (Schmitt & Guentert, 1990), and following multiple intravenous doses in mares (Sams et al., 1995).